EASO COI Report. Security situation

Niederländisch

EASO COI Report Iraq Security Situation provides information about relevant security trends at national and governorate levels for the period 1 January 2019 – 31 July 2020. It covers the recent conflicts in Iraq, including a short overview of existing political tensions, as well as the international context that the political and security situation has unfolded in. It also includes the presence and capacity of the armed forces and the role they play in the security situation. Recent security trends are described, including the number of casualties and security incidents, examples of representative security incidents, and the impact of the security situation on the civilian population including remaining explosives in former conflict areas, and road security. An account is given of IDP and returnee movements in the period, as well as the state of mobility within the country.

This report is an update of the EASO COI report on Iraq, Security situation, published in March 2019.

This report is the last of a series of Iraq reports produced in 2020, covering – besides the security situation – also key socio-economic indicators and the targeting of individuals of different profiles. The reports provide information relevant for international protection status determination for Iraqi applicants and will be used to update the EASO Country Guidance on Iraq 2020.

EASO would like to acknowledge the following national asylum department as co-drafter of this report, together with EASO:

- Belgium, Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, Cedoca (Centre for Documentation and Research)

EASO would also like to acknowledge ARC, the Asylum Research Centre, as co-drafter of this report.

The following departments and organisations have reviewed respective parts of this report:

- Denmark, Ministry of Immigration and Integration, The Danish Immigration Service;

- Finland, Finnish Immigration Service;

- France, Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons (OFPRA), Information, Documentation and Research Division;

- ACCORD, the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation;

- ARC, the Asylum Research Centre.

All parts of this report have been reviewed by at least one reviewer. ARC, who acted as co-drafter and as reviewer, reviewed parts drafted by other co-drafters.

The drafting of this report was finalised on 31 July 2020. Some additional information was added during the finalisation of this report in response to feedback received during the quality control process, until 14 September 2020.

This report was written according to the EASO COI Report Methodology (2019).

Policy

De veiligheidssituatie in Irak werd sinds 2013 grotendeels bepaald door de opkomst van en de strijd tegen de Islamitische Staat van Irak en Syrië (ISIS). Toenmalig eerste minister al-Abadi verkondigde op 9 december 2017 dat het laatste stukje ISIS-territorium op Iraaks grondgebied was heroverd en dat hiermee een einde was gekomen aan de grondoorlog tegen de terreurorganisatie. Het terugdringen van ISIS en de herovering van gebieden bezet door de organisatie hebben een duidelijk voelbare, positieve impact op de veiligheidssituatie in Irak gehad. ISIS-cellen blijven evenwel actief in verschillende Iraakse provincies en de Iraakse veiligheidstroepen, sjiitische milities en Koerdische Peshmerga voeren nog steeds acties uit tegen de organisatie. Dit vertaalt zich in sterke regionale verschillen in het geweldsniveau, de schaal van het willekeurig geweld en de impact van het conflict. Daarnaast voert het Turkse leger in het kader van het conflict met de PKK luchtaanvallen en grondoperaties uit tegen PKK-doelwitten in de noordelijke grensgebieden van Irak.

Land: 
Irak